Shame is a ubiquitous human emotion that there are not many conversations about.  Shame is a corrosive emotion that can inhibit our growth in medicine.  In medical learners, shame was associated with disengagement with learning, impaired empathy, diminished psychological and physical wellness, reduced self-regulation, and unprofessional behavior.  Since medicine is ever evolving, PAs continue to learn throughout their career along with interacting with students.  Understanding shame vs guilt can help us navigate our own careers as well as help our colleagues navigate successfully through the landscape of medicine.  

By the end of this session, attendees will be able to: 

1. Define and contrast shame and guilt.
2. Understand why we have shame and why is it important.
3. Identify what a shame reaction encompasses. 
4. Tips to help with the growth of ourselves and learners in medicine by understanding and navigating shame.

The vast majority of primary care practitioners treat patients with pain. Acute pain is generally understood to have a specific cause, frequently injury or surgery, and can often resolve itself when underlying causes are addressed, usually in less than six months. That said, when left untreated, or treated outside of established guidelines, acute pain can easily turn into chronic pain, lasting years or more. Opioids had, until recent years, been the most-prescribed treatments for acute pain, and while clearer understandings of the dangers of opioid misuse and abuse have led to fewer prescriptions of this class of drugs, prescribers have been less aware of current guidelines for recommended therapies, including opioid agonists and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).  At the end f this lecture, attendees will be able to: 

1. Recognize and diagnose acute pain. 
2. Understand the history and challenges of acute pain management. 
3. Use newer therapies for acute pain management.

This lecture will provide an overview of the history of illicit substance use and abuse in the United States, especially within the adolescent population.  It will then explore common myths and contradictory reality of adolescent substance use and abuse. The lecture will examine the morbidity and mortality rates of adolescent substance use and also the abuse of adult-legal substances.  It defines several terms used when discussion and evaluating abuse and addiction.  The lecture provides several tools clinicians can use to identify adolescent addiction behavior and aid in recovery and discussion of what providers can do if they suspect use or abuse history in their patients. Finally, there is a review the effectiveness of substance rehabilitation treatment.  Objectives include: 

1. Briefly inspect the history of US illicit drug use, substance use vocabulary, and terms. 
2. Explore the myths and reality of adolescent substance use and abuse.
3. Examine the morbidity and mortality rates of adolescent substance use and abuse of adult-legal and illicit substances. 
4. Explain the tools clinicians can use to identify adolescent addiction behavior and aid in recovery.
5. Review the effectiveness of substance rehabilitation treatment.